Revision Tool: Race Relations (1945–89) & Kennedy/Johnson FP
Flashcards (Term & Definition)
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Quick Facts & Figures
- Truman EO 9981 (1948): Banned racial segregation in US military【25†L45-L53】.
- Brown v. Board (1954): Ended school segregation【27†L85-L94】.
- Montgomery Boycott (1955–56): 381-day bus boycott ended segregation【29†L225-L234】.
- Little Rock (1957): Eisenhower sent troops to enforce school integration【32†L42-L51】.
- CR Act (1964): Outlawed discrimination in public places【35†L46-L54】.
- Voting Rights (1965): Banned voter suppression tactics【37†L75-L83】.
- Bay of Pigs (Apr '61): US-backed Cuban invasion failed【58†L370-L373】.
- Berlin Wall (Aug '61): US kept forces in West Berlin【7†L478-L486】.
- Missile Crisis (Oct '62): US blockade forced USSR to remove Cuban missiles【15†L312-L320】.
- Tonkin Res. (Aug '64): Gave Johnson war powers in Vietnam【17†L198-L207】.
- Tet Offensive (Jan '68): Surprise attacks turned US opinion against war【21†L91-L100】.
Exam-Style Questions
Cheat Sheet (Print A4)
Race Relations Overview
- 1948: Truman desegregates military【25†L45-L53】.
- 1954: Brown v. Board ends school segregation【27†L85-L94】.
- 1955–56: Montgomery Bus Boycott (Rosa Parks → end bus segregation)【29†L225-L234】.
- 1963: March on Washington; MLK’s “Dream” speech.
- 1964: Civil Rights Act signed (segregation illegal)【35†L46-L54】.
- 1965: Voting Rights Act signed (protects Black voters)【37†L75-L83】.
- 1968: Fair Housing Act (bans housing discrimination)【41†L221-L224】.
Kennedy/Johnson Summary
- 1961: Bay of Pigs invasion (failed)【58†L370-L373】.
- 1961: Berlin Wall built; JFK defends West Berlin【7†L478-L486】.
- 1962: Cuban Missile Crisis (US blockade wins)【15†L312-L320】.
- 1963: Hotline and Test Ban Treaty (July 25, 1963)【57†L335-L342】.
- 1964: Gulf of Tonkin Resolution broadens Vietnam War【17†L198-L207】.
- 1968: Tet Offensive (Jan) undermines US confidence【21†L91-L100】.
- 1968: LBJ halts bombing (Mar 31) and seeks talks【21†L99-L107】.